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School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) by country

Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.

Countries reporting
194
Highest
1.18 GPI
Senegal
Lowest
0.5371 GPI
Somalia
Median
1 GPI
Years covered
53
1970–2022
Data points
8,058

What the numbers show

School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) is currently reported for 194 countries. The highest value is 1.18 GPI in Senegal; the lowest is 0.5371 GPI in Somalia.

The median across all reporting countries is 1 GPI, and the mean is 0.9887 GPI.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.

Over the past decade 119 countries rose and 65 fell. The largest increase was in Yemen (up 25.9%), and the largest decrease in Angola (down 23.1%).

School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Senegal 1.18 GPI 2021 up 12.0% rising
2 Gambia 1.15 GPI 2021 up 15.2% rising
3 Bangladesh 1.14 GPI 2021 up 6.7% rising
4 French Polynesia 1.09 GPI 1993 — flat
5 Suriname 1.09 GPI 2021 down 4.2% rising
6 Belgium 1.08 GPI 2020 down 0.2% rising
7 Kiribati 1.07 GPI 2008 up 4.2% rising
8 Sweden 1.07 GPI 2020 up 7.8% flat
9 Mauritania 1.07 GPI 2020 up 5.8% rising
10 Honduras 1.07 GPI 2012 up 0.5% rising
11 Tunisia 1.07 GPI 2016 up 2.0% rising
12 Libya 1.06 GPI 2006 — rising
13 Bhutan 1.06 GPI 2018 up 5.9% rising
14 Burundi 1.06 GPI 2020 up 12.6% rising
15 Seychelles 1.06 GPI 2021 down 0.0% flat
16 Finland 1.06 GPI 2020 up 3.2% flat
17 Palestine, State of 1.05 GPI 2021 down 0.4% rising
18 Mexico 1.05 GPI 2020 up 2.8% rising
19 Uruguay 1.05 GPI 2020 down 1.0% flat
20 Tonga 1.05 GPI 2020 up 3.1% flat
21 Costa Rica 1.05 GPI 2020 up 4.4% flat
22 Samoa 1.05 GPI 2016 down 1.4% flat
23 Kuwait 1.05 GPI 2015 down 1.9% rising
24 Bermuda 1.05 GPI 2015 down 3.8% rising
25 Puerto Rico 1.05 GPI 2013 — flat
26 Lesotho 1.04 GPI 2019 down 1.4% falling
27 Tanzania, United Republic of 1.04 GPI 2021 up 6.7% rising
28 Burkina Faso 1.04 GPI 2021 up 16.9% rising
29 Ireland 1.04 GPI 2020 up 1.8% flat
30 Sao Tome and Principe 1.04 GPI 2017 up 3.5% rising
31 Malaysia 1.04 GPI 2020 up 0.1% rising
32 Croatia 1.04 GPI 2020 down 1.0% flat
33 Palau 1.04 GPI 2020 up 4.5% rising
34 Mauritius 1.04 GPI 2021 up 1.0% rising
35 Bahrain 1.04 GPI 2019 up 3.9% rising
36 Cambodia 1.04 GPI 2021 up 13.4% rising
37 Nicaragua 1.04 GPI 2010 down 3.1% flat
38 Timor-Leste 1.03 GPI 2020 up 7.6% rising
39 Jamaica 1.03 GPI 2007 up 2.5% flat
40 Iran, Islamic Republic of 1.03 GPI 2020 up 8.0% rising
41 New Zealand 1.03 GPI 2020 up 0.1% rising
42 Thailand 1.03 GPI 2022 up 0.0% rising
43 Philippines 1.03 GPI 2021 up 0.8% flat
44 Albania 1.03 GPI 2021 up 2.5% rising
45 Vanuatu 1.03 GPI 2020 up 4.2% rising
46 Argentina 1.02 GPI 2020 down 1.1% flat
47 Turks and Caicos Islands 1.02 GPI 2021 — flat
48 Sri Lanka 1.02 GPI 2018 up 2.7% flat
49 Estonia 1.02 GPI 2020 up 3.0% flat
50 Rwanda 1.02 GPI 2021 down 0.3% rising
51 Ecuador 1.02 GPI 2020 up 0.1% rising
52 Comoros 1.02 GPI 2018 up 20.6% rising
53 Micronesia, Federated States of 1.02 GPI 2005 — rising
54 Botswana 1.02 GPI 2021 up 0.7% falling
55 Dominican Republic 1.02 GPI 2021 up 3.3% falling
56 Aruba 1.02 GPI 2012 up 3.3% flat
57 Armenia 1.02 GPI 2021 up 1.3% flat
58 Spain 1.02 GPI 2020 up 1.0% flat
59 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 1.02 GPI 2017 down 0.7% flat
60 Hong Kong, China 1.02 GPI 2021 up 1.5% rising
61 Madagascar 1.02 GPI 2019 up 5.3% rising
62 Brunei Darussalam 1.02 GPI 2020 up 1.8% flat
63 Fiji 1.02 GPI 2021 down 1.9% rising
64 Gabon 1.02 GPI 2019 — rising
65 Paraguay 1.02 GPI 2012 up 2.7% rising
66 Montenegro 1.01 GPI 2021 down 0.7% flat
67 Israel 1.01 GPI 2020 down 0.0% flat
68 Namibia 1.01 GPI 2007 down 0.3% flat
69 Serbia 1.01 GPI 2021 down 0.4% flat
70 United Kingdom 1.01 GPI 2020 up 1.3% flat
71 Ghana 1.01 GPI 2020 up 6.6% rising
72 Marshall Islands 1.01 GPI 2021 up 0.3% flat
73 British Virgin Islands 1.01 GPI 2017 down 2.2% falling
74 China (People’s Republic of) 1.01 GPI 2021 up 1.9% rising
75 Panama 1.01 GPI 2021 up 0.1% flat
76 Trinidad and Tobago 1.01 GPI 2004 down 0.1% flat
77 Myanmar 1.01 GPI 2018 up 2.0% rising
78 United Arab Emirates 1.01 GPI 2020 — flat
79 South Africa 1.01 GPI 2020 up 0.9% flat
80 Netherlands 1.01 GPI 2020 up 1.7% flat
81 Tuvalu 1.01 GPI 2021 down 4.3% flat
82 Slovenia 1.01 GPI 2020 up 1.1% flat
83 Czechia 1.01 GPI 2020 up 0.5% flat
84 Colombia 1.01 GPI 2020 down 3.2% flat
85 Slovak Republic 1.01 GPI 2020 up 0.1% flat
86 Brazil 1.01 GPI 2020 down 3.6% flat
87 Naoero 1.01 GPI 2019 down 1.5% flat
88 Saint Lucia 1.01 GPI 2020 down 0.6% falling
89 Sierra Leone 1.01 GPI 2017 up 11.7% rising
90 Georgia 1.01 GPI 2021 down 0.2% rising
91 Cape Verde 1.01 GPI 2019 down 3.1% flat
92 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.01 GPI 2018 down 0.5% falling
93 Malta 1 GPI 2020 up 7.4% rising
94 Grenada 1 GPI 2018 up 8.0% flat
95 Uganda 1 GPI 2017 up 4.5% rising
96 Japan 1 GPI 2019 down 0.2% flat
97 Latvia 1 GPI 2020 up 1.9% flat
98 Canada 1 GPI 2020 up 1.3% flat
99 Cuba 1 GPI 2021 up 1.3% flat
100 Jordan 1 GPI 2021 down 0.2% rising
101 Kyrgyzstan 1 GPI 2021 up 0.2% flat
102 Egypt 1 GPI 2019 up 2.5% rising
103 Kazakhstan 0.9998 GPI 2020 down 0.5% flat
104 Romania 0.9994 GPI 2020 up 1.1% flat
105 Gibraltar 0.9986 GPI 2021 down 0.6% falling
106 Barbados 0.9985 GPI 2021 down 1.9% flat
107 Mongolia 0.9983 GPI 2021 down 2.5% flat
108 Portugal 0.9973 GPI 2020 down 0.1% flat
109 France 0.997 GPI 2020 down 0.4% falling
110 Denmark 0.9969 GPI 2020 down 0.9% flat
111 Qatar 0.9966 GPI 2010 down 3.6% falling
112 Korea 0.9964 GPI 2020 down 0.1% rising
113 Singapore 0.996 GPI 2020 — flat
114 Ukraine 0.9959 GPI 2014 up 0.4% falling
115 Guyana 0.995 GPI 2012 up 1.4% flat
116 Algeria 0.9949 GPI 2011 up 2.1% rising
117 Guatemala 0.9942 GPI 2021 up 2.8% rising
118 Bolivia, Plurinational State of 0.9942 GPI 2020 down 0.1% rising
119 Uzbekistan 0.994 GPI 2021 up 0.5% flat
120 Azerbaijan 0.9939 GPI 2021 — flat
121 Indonesia 0.9934 GPI 2018 up 0.9% rising
122 Belarus 0.9928 GPI 2021 up 1.6% flat
123 Luxembourg 0.9926 GPI 2020 down 2.8% flat
124 Maldives 0.9919 GPI 2019 down 3.4% flat
125 North Macedonia 0.9919 GPI 2020 up 1.6% flat
126 India 0.9916 GPI 2021 down 0.7% rising
127 Italy 0.9904 GPI 2020 up 0.0% flat
128 Hungary 0.9899 GPI 2020 up 0.1% flat
129 Republic of Moldova 0.9899 GPI 2021 down 1.7% flat
130 Saudi Arabia 0.9889 GPI 2021 up 6.2% rising
131 Belize 0.9888 GPI 2021 down 0.9% flat
132 Liberia 0.9887 GPI 2020 up 11.9% rising
133 Malawi 0.9885 GPI 2019 up 1.0% rising
134 Cayman Islands 0.988 GPI 2018 down 2.1% falling
135 United States 0.9868 GPI 2020 down 1.0% flat
136 Macau, China 0.9863 GPI 2021 up 1.6% falling
137 Austria 0.9859 GPI 2020 up 1.8% rising
138 Iceland 0.985 GPI 2020 down 2.6% rising
139 Bulgaria 0.9837 GPI 2020 up 1.4% flat
140 Lithuania 0.9837 GPI 2020 down 0.1% flat
141 Syrian Arab Republic 0.9823 GPI 2013 up 3.7% rising
142 Cyprus 0.9819 GPI 2020 down 2.4% flat
143 Bahamas 0.9808 GPI 2006 down 2.1% falling
144 Poland 0.9805 GPI 2020 down 1.3% flat
145 Greece 0.98 GPI 2020 up 1.0% flat
146 Russia 0.9798 GPI 2019 down 1.2% flat
147 Chile 0.9793 GPI 2020 down 2.1% flat
148 Australia 0.9793 GPI 2020 up 5.8% falling
149 Antigua and Barbuda 0.9792 GPI 2018 up 1.5% flat
150 Norway 0.9771 GPI 2020 down 1.6% flat
151 Türkiye 0.9771 GPI 2020 up 3.1% rising
152 El Salvador 0.9771 GPI 2014 up 0.7% flat
153 Solomon Islands 0.9734 GPI 2012 up 8.1% rising
154 Djibouti 0.9729 GPI 2021 down 3.6% rising
155 Morocco 0.9712 GPI 2021 up 6.3% rising
156 Zimbabwe 0.9701 GPI 2013 up 2.3% rising
157 Germany 0.9701 GPI 2020 up 0.9% flat
158 Dominica 0.97 GPI 2021 down 5.8% falling
159 Nigeria 0.9694 GPI 2018 up 11.0% rising
160 Switzerland 0.9685 GPI 2020 down 1.3% flat
161 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.9655 GPI 2021 down 2.4% flat
162 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.963 GPI 2021 up 7.7% rising
163 Peru 0.9602 GPI 2021 down 4.3% rising
164 Oman 0.96 GPI 2021 down 2.6% rising
165 Sudan 0.9573 GPI 2018 up 9.2% rising
166 Nepal 0.9544 GPI 2022 down 9.3% rising
167 Congo 0.9523 GPI 2018 up 4.8% rising
168 Kenya 0.9505 GPI 2009 down 1.2% rising
169 Eswatini 0.9417 GPI 2016 up 2.4% flat
170 Mozambique 0.9384 GPI 2020 up 7.0% rising
171 Tajikistan 0.9317 GPI 2013 up 5.8% rising
172 Ethiopia 0.9215 GPI 2015 up 17.7% rising
173 Côte d'Ivoire 0.9151 GPI 2021 up 17.4% rising
174 Togo 0.9104 GPI 2021 up 20.5% rising
175 Equatorial Guinea 0.9068 GPI 2005 up 4.4% rising
176 Mali 0.8981 GPI 2020 up 11.2% rising
177 Benin 0.8973 GPI 2021 up 10.8% rising
178 Liechtenstein 0.8967 GPI 2020 up 1.4% flat
179 Papua New Guinea 0.8943 GPI 2018 up 5.1% rising
180 Cameroon 0.8897 GPI 2018 up 5.6% rising
181 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0.8895 GPI 2015 up 20.2% rising
182 Eritrea 0.884 GPI 2019 up 12.9% rising
183 Zambia 0.8813 GPI 1988 up 4.0% rising
184 Pakistan 0.8775 GPI 2019 up 5.7% rising
185 Niger 0.8383 GPI 2017 up 17.9% rising
186 Yemen 0.8207 GPI 2016 up 25.9% rising
187 Iraq 0.8138 GPI 2007 up 3.2% rising
188 Guinea 0.8049 GPI 2019 up 7.0% rising
189 Chad 0.7524 GPI 2021 up 10.9% rising
190 Central African Republic 0.7437 GPI 2017 up 6.5% rising
191 Guinea-Bissau 0.6446 GPI 2000 up 18.2% rising
192 Afghanistan 0.636 GPI 2018 up 8.5% rising
193 Angola 0.6303 GPI 2011 down 23.1% rising
194 Somalia 0.5371 GPI 2007 — rising

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index by country. Statizoid, drawing on Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved 23 August 2026, from https://aid.statizoid.com/stat/school-enrollment-primary-and-secondary-gross-gender-parity-index-gpi/

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About this data

Indicator
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
Unit
GPI
Source
Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
239 places, 8,058 data points, 1970–2022
Last refreshed

Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.